Essay about Literature Review - 2047 Words

Coleman Literature Review 1 Literature Review Convicted Felons: Should they be allowed to vote? Writing II Professor: Melissa Piumelli Coleman Literature Review 2 Introduction: The term disenfranchisement or taking away a criminals right to vote, has been around since ancient Greece and Rome Eras. In Europe, a condition called â€Å"civil death† involves the forfeiture of property, the loss of the right to appear in court and a prohibition on entering into contracts, as well as loss of voting rights. Convicted felons of†¦show more content†¦Some felons even after release suffered from the aftermath resulting from a previous arrest because they are not sure what rights they do hold after an imprisonment, such as Eric Willem from Roseau County, Minnesota. Eric Stephen Willem’s, who was 25 at the time and had been a convicted felon since the year of 2004. Unfortunately, for Willem’s who was voting for the fourth time, it was an additional felony to be voting, according to Roseau County Attorney’s Office. This sent Willem back to the place where he did not want to be, jail, for an additional year. Back in 2005, this probl em was at the top of the agenda for H. Clinton and J. Kerry who were trying to boost votes for the Democrats. After election defeat in 2005, Democrats mend their ways by emphasizing moral values. Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton and John Kerry introduce the Count Every Vote Act, which she claims is â€Å"critical to restoring America’s faith in our voting system.† Also to be added to the Act, a provision to ensure that votingShow MoreRelatedEssay Literature Review1001 Words   |  5 PagesLiterature Review The purpose of this research project is for you to create a scholarly piece of graduate-level research and writing, which conforms to APA format. Competency in the APA format is required of all Business graduates of Liberty University, as set forth by policy of both the Graduate Faculty and the administration. You will research and write a literature review on a topic relevant to our course. 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Providing background information can help to demonstrate the importance of a topic, and can help to establish understanding of a subject or issue. An effective literature review also provides a space to elaborate on future work to be done on aRead MoreHrd Audit Literature Review683 Words   |  3 PagesLiterature Review If you believe everything you read, better not read. (Japanese Proverb) [pic] What is a literature review? A literature review is an account of what has been published on a topic in the past. Its purpose is to inform the reader what has been established about a topic and what the strengths and weaknesses are. A literature review must be defined by a guiding concept and should not be a list of all the material that you can find (Porter, S. 2008, p.49). What isRead MoreA Literature Review : The Walden University Library Essay1070 Words   |  5 PagesA literature review is an interpretation of arrays of circulating articles written by the scholar-authors’ of researchers related to several topics. A literature search for evidence-based research can be overpowering. The Walden University library illuminates on the superlative quality of evidence-based research and which databases to utilize with research searches. Filtered resources are the superlative quality of studies related to evidence-based practice and encompasses systemic reviews, criticallyRead MoreThe Impact Of Telemedicine On Health, A Systematic Literature Review1530 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction To evaluate and study the impact of telemedicine in health, a systematic literature review was conducted. An electronic research through the University of Maryland library was done the articles selected dated from 2000 to 2014. A total of 12 articles was reviewed that dealt with clinical outcomes, efficacy, patient and provider satisfaction. Telemedicine as an emerging field can greatly improve the outcomes of healthcare thus resulting in decrease the delivery cost of healthcare. WhileRead MoreLiterature Review : The Class Collage By Jeff Sommers1503 Words   |  7 Pagesexploitation† by Matt Zwolinski is about the ethical questions that are raised about the moral claim of the conditions in sweatshop that are accepted by choice and exploited for gains. These two peered review articles both shows some common similarity and a minute different between the two Identification Both peer-review articles use MLA citation. They both have a lengthy work cited pages/ references at the end of the article. The citations are alphabetically put in order and the citation itself is shown byRead MoreReview Of Formative Fictions : Imaginative Literature And The Training Of The Capacities `` Essay2185 Words   |  9 PagesNayiri Khatchadourian HNRS 63W Prof. Bruce Stone 6 June 2017 The Consequence of Reading Fiction In his essay †Formative Fictions: Imaginative Literature and the Training of the Capacities†, Joshua Landy, professor at Stanford University, aims to explain the function of fiction and the reward of our engagement with literary works. Landy highlights three theories of the function of fiction: the exemplary branch, which invites the reader to consider characters as models for emulation or avoidance,Read MoreReview Of Literature Review On Literature Essay2370 Words   |  10 PagesChapter - 4. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Literature survey is undertaken to study and analyze the finding of other researcher in their studies that are related to the subject under consideration. A research literature review, as a process, is a systematic, explicit, and reproducible method for identifying, evaluating and synthesizing the existing body of completed and recorded work produced by researchers, scholars and practitioners (Fink, 2010). As a noun, literature review is an organizedRead MoreLiterature Review793 Words   |  4 PagesU02a1 Building Your Literature Review Plan: Part One - Sheila Darden The plan to collect and organize literature that explains the history of retention starts with the collections of scholarly, peer reviewed articles that provide insight to the history of retention. The literature will be organized alphabetically at first then to gain a better insight into the history of retention the collections of scholarly, peer review articles will be organized according to the date they were published. The

Painting What We See Within A Look at the Insides of Art...

Painting What We See Within: A Look at the Insides of Art Therapy One of the most memorable experiences I had last summer was visiting the American Visionary Art Museum in Baltimore, Maryland. (3)At this museum, professional artists had created none of the works hanging on the walls. Visionary art is an individualized expression by people with little or no formal training; the rules of art as a school did not apply here. While I was there, I learned that for many years, the artwork created by patients of mental institutions, hospitals, and nursing homes were disregarded and destroyed by their caretakers. After seeing what powerful and telling work came from many people in these situations, I found this information to be very†¦show more content†¦The theory behind it is that visualizing his or her feelings will help him or her to get beyond masking them through language. Imagine describing a dream. It is never quite possible to communicate effectively the images we are left by our subconscious. Art therapy allows the client or patient to re lay these images in a raw and powerful way. (1) During the therapy, a clients artistic ability is irrelevant. While the session is not just a relaxing diversionary activity, it is also not an art class. Most sessions are structured to help get the client started on a project, and oriented toward helping him or her reach specific goals. The idea is for the patient to be able to work at his or here own pace as the therapist helps them to explore the works significance. The therapist is not an interpreter of the clients art but rather a facilitator to his or her inner discovery. (5) Many art therapy practitioners agree that it is a good alternative to verbal therapy if the client does not speak English or is shy or frightened about verbalizing his or her feelings and experiences. If the latter is the case, it is often easier or less painful for the client to discuss the image, rather than to discuss him or her self directly. In this way, art therapy is at once both therapeutic and diagnostic. The act of creating helps the client to heal and allows the therapist to perceive implications from the process. As the therapist learns aboutShow MoreRelatedClement Greenberg Modernist Painting1062 Words   |  5 PagesClement Greenberg, â€Å"Modernist Painting† In his text entitled â€Å"Modernist Painting†, Greenberg focuses on the development of painting between the 14th and 19th century and emphasizes on what distinguishes Modernist painting from previous forms of painting, particularly those of the Old Masters. Greenberg begins by relating Modernist art to Kantian philosophy claiming that, the same way Kant used reason in order to examine the limits of reason, Modernist art is when art became self critical becauseRead MoreLilo And Stitch : Analysis1288 Words   |  6 PagesHawaii. Lilo is an eccentric six year old, she recently lost her parents to an accident and is now being raised by her older sister Nani. Lilo does not socialize well and because of this Nani decides to adopt a pet for her sister. They end up adopting what they both believe is a dog but is actually an alien refugee named Stitch (experiment 626). The story continues to show the struggle the three face while continuing to grow as a family and overcome their chal lenges. Analyzing Lilo it is cleared thatRead MoreThe Use Of Phototherapy Methods For A Deliberate Treatment System1724 Words   |  7 Pagestreatment; i.e., PhotoTherapy). On the other hand, the two practices are not contrary energies, either, and truth be told cover where they cross PhotoTherapy makes the procedure. There are few strides profound into guided oblivious procedure and work inside of a deliberate treatment system. According to Carrabine (2015), they are basically differentiating methods for utilising enthusiastic data that has been unwittingly implanted in individuals snapshot depictions. It is identified that one requiresRead More Emotional Release: Benefits of Art Therapy   Essay2772 Words   |  12 PagesTitle Emotional Release: Benefits of Art Therapy A 6-year-old girl sits next to her therapist, with signs of anxiety upon her face. Pieces of paper, pencil and some markers are placed in front of the girl. She is hesitant to speak out, but these colors do help release some of the tension in the air. She begins to draw and paint, in a matter of fifteen minutes she finishes with a sequence of fourteen pictures: â€Å"A little girl pig is attacked by a man who wax her with a big stickRead More8 Week Treatment Plan4723 Words   |  19 Pages8 Week Treatment Plan using Expressive Group Therapy working with children who struggle with insecure attachment. What does insecure attachment look like? Attachment can be defined as â€Å"an emotional tie with another person, shown in young children by seeking closeness to the caregiver and showing distress on separation† (Myers, 1998). Early bonding experiences have a significant impact on the developing child and achieving a positiveRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Mental Illness3035 Words   |  13 Pagesgeneral. The shorter stays make it challenging and important for the art therapists in such settings, to modify and adapt their strategies, goals and group rules. All three articles deal with group art therapy and the modality used is visual art; drawing, sketching, painting (paper and textile) and murals. A typical session of art therapy is described by each author; detailing the method, modality, patients’ interpretation of the art work and discussion of the observations. The patient group in allRead MorePhotography in Advertising and Its Effects on Society3789 Words   |  16 PagesOver time photography has gradually corrupted memory in a variety of ways, despite its original intention to preserve it. From there, photography has evolved to become a pressing threat not only to memory, but also to consciousness. As seen in paintings of battle scenes and portraits of wealthy Renaissance aristocracy, people have always strived to preserve and document their existence. The creation of photography was merely the logical continuum of human natures innate desire to preserve theRead MoreEssay on Photography in Advertising and its Effects on Society3730 Words   |  15 Pagestime photography has gradually corrupted memory in a variety of ways, despite its original intention to preserve it. From there, photography has evolved to become a pressing threat not only to memory, but also to consciousness.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As seen in paintings of battle scenes and portraits of wealthy Renaissance aristocracy, people have always strived to preserve and document their existence. The creation of photography was merely the logical continuum of human nature’s innate desire to preserve the pastRead More Tattoos, Body Piercings, and Other Body Modifications Essay2748 Words   |  11 Pagesâ€Å"The colors and pictures we apply to our skin communicate our values and aspirations as well as our hopes and personal histories. Even when we adopt the â€Å"natural look† and dont adorn our skin at all, we are making a social statement. Our skin talks even when we dont; it is not a neutral canvas.† (Jablonski, 164) We as a species are obsessed with our appearance and are equally preoccupied with altering it to our own varied desires. Each person wants nothing less than perfection, but each hasRead MoreDescribe Different Stages in the Communication Cycle. Essay examples383 4 Words   |  16 Pagesvia the same communication channel. There are many types of communication and interpersonal communication within health and social care setting. This is interaction between two or more human beings. Sometimes communication can be portrayed in a negative way but it is important to realise the message you are giving out to people so that the communication stays positive. One of the ways we can communicate is through text, written communication - using words but without speech. This could be a written

Physiological Principles for Health and Social Care

Question: Describe about the Physiological Principles for Health and Social Care. Answer: 1.The anatomical features in each of the body systems interact with each other for keeping the organism healthy. All of them have various functions and operations that are dependent and interconnected with each other. The brain functions by receiving information and signals from the various organs and responds to those signals for maintaining proper functioning (Standring 2015). The main anatomical systems of the human body have been listed below. Digestive system Endocrine system Immune system Lymphatic system Nervous system Muscular system Reproductive system Respiratory system Urinary system Integumentary or skin system The instructions are given by the nervous system by the electrical impulses and send them through the nerves for commanding and functioning of the various organs. The nutrients are broken down by the digestive system and help them to enter the blood stream that is mediated by the circulatory system. The heart pumps blood into the lungs that involve the circulatory system and the lungs pump oxygen into the blood that involves the respiratory system. All the organs that make up the organ system are protected by the skeletal system and the muscular system connects the muscles with the bones and brings about the physical activities. The integumentary system houses all the systems under one roof by the skin (Forbes 2012). Cardiovascular system is the organ system that causes the blood to circulate throughout the body and transport the essential nutrients, gases, blood cells and hormones with it. These materials are transported to and from the body cells and help to provide nourishment, fight diseases, stabilize pH and temperature and maintenance of homeostasis (Houdas and Ring 2013). The essential organs of the cardiovascular system include the heart, blood vessels and blood and there are two types of circulation, pulmonary and systemic. Respiratory system is the biological system involved in the respiratory process in an organism. The system acts as a medium for the intake and exchange of the gases oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the environment. In the human body, lungs are the organs chiefly responsible for respiration. The process of ventilation and breathing involves the processes of inhalation and exhalation. Inhalation is the process of intake of oxygen and exhalation involves the expulsion of carbon dioxide (Hall 2015). Urinary system is also known as the renal system that consists of the vital organs like kidney, bladder, urethra and ureters. Nephrons are the functional units of the kidneys (Sherwood 2015). The primary functions of the urinary system include the elimination of the body wastes, regulation of blood pressure and blood volume, controlling the levels of metabolites and electrolytes and regulation of the blood pH. Cellular metabolism is a collection of chemical reactions that takes place in the human body for maintaining life. It involves the complex sequences of some biochemical reactions that are controlled and are also known as metabolic pathways (Gropper and Smith 2012). These pathways allow the human beings to reproduce and grow by maintaining their structures and respond to the changes in the environment. Cellular metabolism can be classified as catabolism and anabolism. Anabolism is a constructive process of metabolism wherein energy is used by the cells for constructing molecules like nucleic acids and enzymes and aids in the performance other important functions of life. There are three basic stages of anabolism like precursor production, reactive form activation and assembling the precursors into the complex molecules. Catabolism is the process of metabolism in which the complex molecules are broken down by the cells. The main purpose of these reactions is providing the components and energy required buy the anabolic reactions. Catabolism is an exothermic process that is further classified as protein, fat and carbohydrate catabolism (Mady 2013). The cells of the human body are dependent on the products of the digestive system and the respiratory system for maintaining themselves. For producing energy, cellular metabolism is required where the cells burn the nutrient molecules that are fuelled by oxygen (Herman 2016). The digestive system provides nutrient molecules and oxygen is provided by the respiratory system. Therefore, both these systems work together to provide the cells with the oxygen and nutrients that are required to produce energy by the process of cellular metabolism. Growth hormone is also known as the human growth hormone or somatotropin is a peptide hormone that is secreted by the pituitary gland from the anterior lobe. It promotes the growth of all the body tissues that also includes the bones. It is secreted and synthesized by the somatotrophs and is vital for the physical growth of the human body (Chapman et al. 2013). It essentially acts by production of more cells during the developmental stage. Biochemically, growth hormone stimulates the synthesis of proteins and increases the breakdown of fat for providing the energy that is necessary for the growth of the tissues. The hormone also antagonizes the actions of insulin. They act directly on the cells and tissues but the liver stimulation and other tissues that are responsible for releasing and producing the insulin-like growth factors mediate its effect. These factors act by mimicking the actions of insulin and stimulate growth (Mayo, Godfrey and Suhr 2013). However, the secretion of the growth hormones are stimulated by the growth hormone releasing hormone and somatostatin inhibits it. The secretion of these hormones is pulsatile and the secretions surge after deep sleep are commenced. After puberty, the concentration of the hormones keeps decreasing. The secretion of growth hormone increases with the decreased intake in food and the physiological stress and it is decreased with response to the food ingestion (Harvey et al. 2015). The abnormalities in the growth hormone secretion affect the body as it leads to either overabundance or deficiency of the hormone, exhibiting their respective effects. The function of growth hormone in children is to promote growth and in adults, it helps to cause metabolism and maintain the normal structure of the body. It also helps to keep the levels of blood glucose within controlled levels (Sonntag et al. 2012). The release of the hormone is not continuous and it releases in the form of bursts after every three or five hours. 2.Everyday physical activities involve movements of the body that help to burn calories. The student does a number of physical activities during his college hours that require the co-ordination of all the organ systems that provides him with the energy and facilities. These help him to carry out his daily physical activities during his daily college hours. Physical activities are a type of exercise that involves repetitive movements that require energy for developing or strengthening the body parts (Lovallo 2015). The primary organ systems involved in the process are respiratory, cardiovascular, digestion, excretion, etc. Though all these systems act together to give the individual the required energy to perform, but respiratory system is one of the most important systems that is required for the everyday physical activities. An increase in the physical activity causes an increase in the respiratory activity of the muscles than it is as rest. The breathing gets heavier and faster during the different activities at the college hours that may also include sports (Levi 2013). The rate of breathing increases until the muscles reach their maximum limits of intake of air. The maximum capacity of oxygen intake is tested during the time of sports activities and more the capacity, more is the fitness. For an efficient physical activity, it has to be well supported by the respiratory system for proper gaseous exchange. The respiratory system includes the body parts like lungs, nasal cavity and the diaphragm. The respiratory system is chiefly responsible for transporting carbon dioxide and oxygen to and from the tissues and muscles. While performing the daily physical activities, there is an increase in the respiratory system for meeting the demands of the muscles that are working (Parizkova 2012). The respiratory system also keeps into the loop the cardiovascular system and the supporting organs like heart, blood vessels and blood for transporting carbon dioxide and oxygen. During a stressed physical activity like climbing stairs or playing an outdoor game, the adrenal gland increases the secretion of the hormones noradrenaline and adrenaline affects the heart and the transportation of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the body. These hormones influence directly the sympathetic nerves for stimulating to beat harder for increasing the stroke volume. In addition, the heart beats faster for facilitating an increased heart rate so that an overall increase is achieved in the cardiac output (Kenney, Wilmore and Costill 2015). The human body requires more oxygen while in motion than while at rest. For meeting the increased demand for oxygen by the working muscles, extra oxygen has to be supplied by the blood vessels. While performing the physical tasks, the sympathetic nerves act by stimulating the veins to be constricted for allowing more blood to return to the heart (Kisner and Colby 2012). This returning blood contains carbon dioxide collected from the muscles and increases the stroke volume by about 30% - 40% of the heart. After receiving excess amounts of carbon dioxide and oxygen transported from the different organs, the rate of breathing and respiratory rate increases. This increase of respiratory rate is also influenced by the sympathetic nerves that stimulate the muscles that are involved in the increased respiratory rate. While at rest, the rate of breathing is 14 per minute whereas, during physical activities, the rate is 32 per minute. This increased rate of respiration promotes the reaching of oxygen to the lungs and delivery of blood to the muscles (Goodman and Fuller 2014). The respiratory system has two portions of respiratory and conducting portions. The conducting portion provides the passageways for the gases in and out of the body. The respiratory portion is the actual site of gaseous exchange. The transition from the resting state to the activity stage is accompanied by an increase in the rate of respiration. It also depends on the environment of the college where the student performs his physical activities. If the environment of the college is hot and humid, heat loss is inhibited and the internal body temperature increases (Everly Jr and Rosenfeld 2012). Therefore, gaseous exchange rate also increases at the capillary and alveolar levels. The blood vessels in the lungs are dilated and surface area of the air sacs is enhanced. Supposedly, if the student is overweight or obese or has any type of lung disease, the respiratory functions are impaired and the respiratory rate of the student is limited, with limited physical activities. While performing the physical activities during the college hours, the student come across several internal activities that require coordination with homeostasis. Homeostasis is a steady and constant environment that the body maintains despite the external changes due to the physical activities. Pounding of the heart, heavy breathing and sweating are the vital physiological factors for maintaining the state of homeostasis by the body (Penev 2012). Due to the physical activities, the levels of blood oxygen, body temperature, hydration and sugar levels are all affected and require the preservation of the water levels and normal temperature. Drinking excess fluids and proper eating helps the body to maintain the homeostasis. Heat is produced while food is converted to energy. This additional heat causes an elevation in the body temperature that is kept under control by homeostasis. Dilation of the blood vessels in the skin increases the blood flow to the skin thereby causing more dissipation of the heat from the skin. This causes sweating and therefore the body temperature gets cool and steady. Delivering nutrients and blood to the working muscles helps to keep the body temperature within a normal range. During the physical activities, the muscles demand more oxygen and the body responds to the situation by increasing the heart rate, thereby increasing the blood supply to the working muscles (Hansen et al. 2013). This phenomenon is supported by the hormones that facilitate the supply of nutrients and oxygenated blood to the muscles causing a steady maintenance of the body temperature. Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose for meeting the immediate need for energy. During physical activities, the glycogen stores in the liver and muscle break down for increasing the levels of blood glucose. The glucose so released helps to maintain the energy needs and helps to prevent dizziness and weakness and this can be prevented by maintaining high glycogen storage in the body. Therefore, the student must eat a diet that contains high levels of carbohydrate for maintaining his energy level throughout the day. 3.Hypertension is a medical condition where the arterial blood pressure is elevated. High blood pressure for a long term leads to the pathological conditions like heart failure, stroke, coronary heart disease, vision loss, peripheral vascular disease along with chronic kidney disease. The routine tests that the GP could have recommended for him are temperature, breath rate, pulse rate, body mass index, blood pressure, blood and urine tests, basal metabolic rate, chest x-ray, stress test and electrocardiogram. Ethical considerations should be regarded as an important parameter that is associated with the dignity, individual rights and privacy of the patient while conducting the routine measures for hypertension. Since the patient is a 65 year old man and the routine measures include several complicated medical tests, therefore the patient might get anxious or show disagreement for the tests. Therefore, these have to be dealt ethically keeping in mind the condition of the patient. Regarding BMI of the patient, if he is an obese patient, then he should be observed in a non-judgmental manner irrespective of his physical appearance. Any type of refusal or negligence may hurt the dignity of the patient and the individual right of the patient for proper treatment may get affected (Gooding et al. 2014). Therefore, ethical considerations have to be maintained, as it is required for the health and social care issues like monitoring the progress, legal issues and decision making for the continuation of the treatment. Since the patient is aged, therefore, he may have the complications of pulse rate and the routine measurement can exhibit elevated pulse rates. The elevation may be due to several reasons like excessive alcohol intake, emotional state of anxiety and fear, sedentary lifestyle, etc. as all these contribute towards the occurrence of hypertension. The patient should be counseled ethically without hurting the privacy of his personal life and ask him to live a healthy life as this will lead to progress of his health (Harris et al. 2016). Food intake of the patient should be recorded appropriately and the data should be kept confidential for maintaining privacy or this will lead to the legal breaching of information. Blood tests should be done with proper consent of the patient, as it will provide with proper decision-making liberty as the test may hurt him. Blood pressure and respiration rate studies have to be done at the correct settings, as this will require the exposure of his body. Doing it in public may affect his dignity and further monitoring of the progress becomes difficult, in terms of the health and social care. For hypertension, measurement of the vital signs is extremely important that includes the measurement of body temperature, pulse rate, respiration rate and blood pressure. Body temperature of an individual varies is highly dependent on the recent activity, gender, fluid and food consumption and time of the day. The range of normal temperature ranges from 97.8C to 99C and they can be recorded rectally, orally, by skin and ear and axillary ways (Jennings and Touyz 2013). Abnormal body temperature may be due to fever or hypothermia. Increase in temperature causes fever and decrease in temperature cause hypothermia and these are related to the fever for hypertension and hypothermia for hypotension. Pulse rate measures the heartbeats per minute. Flow of blood from the arteries causes it to contract and expand and helps to measure the pulse strength and heart rhythm. The normal range of pulse rate for the healthy adults is 60 100 beats per minute. Fluctuations occur in the rates with illness, exercise, emotions and injury. It is measured by counting the rate from the arteries as blood flows through them by placing the fingertips over the arteries. The time is noted by a clock and is counted for 60 seconds. For the patient with hypertension, the patient will have higher pulse rates. The number of breaths per minute at rest measures respiration rate. The normal range for respiration rate ranges from 12 16 breadths per minute and it is measured by counting the number of times the chest rises. It increases with illness, fever and other pathological conditions. However, the patient with hypertension will have no significant effect or little-elevated effects on the respiration rate. Blood pressure is measured with the help of a stethoscope and pressure cuff and measures the pressure of blood on the walls of the arteries. Hypertension leads to high blood pressure and the systolic and diastolic pressures are elevated. Body mass index is the body mass that is divided by the square of the body height. For the measurement, the height and weight of the patient have to be collected and calculated using the formula given below. BMI = Mass (Height)2 Hypertension is a result of higher BMI and more the weight of the patient or if the patient is obese, more is the risk of developing hypertension. Electrocardiogram or ECG measures the organ damage in a patient with hypertension. Various parameters are measured using the device like left arterial enlargement, ventricular premature beats, myocardial ischemia, etc. If the patient is having any complexity of the heart other than hypertension, it will be reflected in the ECG report (Hackam et al. 2013). The GP will be provided with the information that is gathered from the reports of the routine measures and further care planning have to be established. Since the patient is also experiencing chest pain, therefore immediate intervention has to be provided. Since the patient is aged, his arteries have got stiffened and excessive force is required for expelling oxygenated blood through his arteries. Poor diet can further worsen the case. Consuming more than 1.5gms of sodium can result in water retention in the body and increases the heart workload. High fat diet can cause narrowing and blockage of the heart. From the routine measures and present condition of the patient, a care plan have to be designed that will cause effective recovery of the patient (Gmez-Marcos et al. 2012). Administration of Lisinopril 10mg on a daily basis will lower the blood pressure as it is an ACE inhibitor. Future episodes of hypertension can also be prevented with the medication. Regular monitoring of the blood pressure is also essential. Foods high in sodium and fat have to be avoided as they cause water retention and narrowing of the arteries, thereby promoting hypertension. 4.The body structure and functioning declines with aging as the vital organs start losing their functioning. The body's tissues, cells and organs affect the functioning of the all the systems of the body. The nervous system of the body is responsible for controlling the memories and thoughts, senses and movements. The nervous system also controls bowels and heart. With aging, the nervous system along with the brain undergoes natural changes along with aging. The spinal cord and brain start losing weight and nerve cells and transmission of nerve impulses slows down (Moore, Dalley and Agur 2013). Breakdown of the nerve cells may result in the accumulation of the waste products in the brain and can cause abnormal changes like tangles and plaques to form. Lipofuscin also starts to build up in the nerve tissues that affect the senses and result in lost sensation and reflexes, causing problems with safety and movement. Aging has its impact on the respiratory system as well where there is a downfall of the maximum functionality. The lungs undergo many changes due to aging that ultimately affects the breathing process of the elderly patients. There occurs a decrease in the gaseous exchange and peak airflow. The lung function of vital capacity also decreases. The respiratory muscles get weakened and the effectiveness of the mechanisms for lung defense also declines. The older person loses their ability to perform vigorous physical activities and exercises. Age-related heart diseases also cause several limitations as they are related to the respiratory system for performance of vigorous exercises. Lung functions also are reduced by obesity. Aging also makes the older susceptible to pneumonia after a viral or bacterial infection (Schore 2015). Therefore, they have to be immunized for influenza and pneumonia to prevent the occurrence of such infections. Although there are no symptoms in healthy aged peop le for reduced lung functions, it is reflected in their reduced ability to performing tasks. The woman is of the age 85 years and is suffering from two diseases, commonly seen among the elderly population. In addition, there have been several changes in her body structure and functioning. This is because her body cells are also aging and they are losing their functionality along with the increasing age. This is affecting the tissues and ultimately the organs and organ systems and is being exhibited in her changed body structure and functions. The woman is suffering from diabetes type 2, knee arthritis and a wound on her leg. These pathological conditions have impact on her body structure and functions. Diabetes type 2 can cause long-term damage to the different organs of the body and can lead to diabetic complications. Since it acts on the nerves and blood vessels, so they can affect any organ or organ system. It takes time to develop the complications but they can be controlled with a restricted lifestyle and proper medications. Since the woman is having the disease since last few years, therefore it has affected her several body organs. Diabetes type 2 has profound effects on the heart. It leads to coronary heart disease, as it is a major cause of hypertension and increased cholesterol levels, thereby promoting cardiovascular diseases and heart attack. It also affects the eyes with the complication of diabetic retinopathy. The blood vessels in the retina start leaking and swelling and causing the condition (Inzucchi et al. 2014). Diabetes affects kidneys as well with the complication of diabetic nephropathy and is a result of several years of diabetes. Diabetes also affects the nerves causing tingling or numbness in the feet and hands, excessive sweating, delayed emptying of stomach, etc. All these symptoms contribute towards the development of diabetic neuropathy. Digestion is another aspect that gets affected by diabetes causing diarrhea, constipation and nausea. Knee arthritis or osteoarthritis is an arthritis of wear and tear type that causes several complications of the knees. There occur swelling and stiffness in the joints and the straightening and bending of the knees become difficult. Vigorous physical activities intensify the pain and give a feeling of buckling and weakness of the knee. Resting or sitting position may worsen the swelling and pain, especially in the morning (Juhl et al. 2014). The woman is having the wound on her leg for a long time and it is not getting well chiefly due her complication of diabetes. Endothelial progenitor cells primarily produced in the bone marrow are responsible for wound healing. Due to diabetes, the formation of these cells is reduced and the process of wound healing is elongated. Routine care of the woman should include different interventions for the different pathological conditions. The preliminary care for diabetes type 2 starts with proper exercise and diet. Low glycaemic index and high fibre sources of carbohydrate with low-fat foods are the primary requirements for a proper diet for the condition. Weight should be under control and weight gain should be avoided. Controlling the blood glucose level with regular monitoring is essential and this is done by several pharmacological interventions. Sulfonylurea and Pioglitazone have been the drug of choice for this condition, along with Metformin. Insulin dose titration is also recommended in typical cases. Blood pressure control along with renal monitoring and serum lipid levels have to be under control and regularly evaluated (Scheen and Paquot 2013). There is no cure available for arthritis of the knee, however, the symptoms can be controlled. Light exercises can improve the condition and help to lose weight. Medications have to be administered as per the requirement, depending upon the pain intensity (Sluis et al. 2015). Assistive devices can give support to the knee like a splint that helps in flexible movement of the joint. For her wound on leg, it should be protected from infections and contaminations, antibiotics and other medications should be administered, risk of complication has to be reduced, proper dressing of the wound are the routine care that can be administered to the woman. Antibiotics should be administered only after the sensitivity testing. References Chapman, I.M., Hartman, M.L., Pezzoli, S.S., Harrell Jr, F.E., Hintz, R.L., Alberti, K.G.M.M. and Thorner, M.O., 2013. Effect of aging on the sensitivity of growth hormone secretion to insulin-like growth Factor-I negative feedback1.The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism. Everly Jr, G.S. and Rosenfeld, R., 2012.The nature and treatment of the stress response: A practical guide for clinicians. Springer Science Business Media. Forbes, G.B., 2012.Human body composition: growth, aging, nutrition, and activity. Springer Science Business Media. Gmez-Marcos, M.A., Gonzlez-Elena, L.J., Recio-Rodrguez, J.I., Rodrguez-Snchez, E., Magalln-Botaya, R., Muoz-Moreno, M.F., Patino-Alonso, M.C. and Garca-Ortiz, L., 2012. Cardiovascular risk assessment in hypertensive patients with tests recommended by the European Guidelines on Hypertension.European journal of preventive cardiology,19(3), pp.515-522. Gooding, H.C., McGinty, S., Richmond, T.K., Gillman, M.W. and Field, A.E., 2014. Hypertension awareness and control among young adults in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health.Journal of general internal medicine,29(8), pp.1098-1104. Goodman, C.C. and Fuller, K.S., 2014.Pathology: implications for the physical therapist. Elsevier Health Sciences. Gropper, S. and Smith, J., 2012.Advanced nutrition and human metabolism. Cengage Learning. Hackam, D.G., Quinn, R.R., Ravani, P., Rabi, D.M., Dasgupta, K., Daskalopoulou, S.S., Khan, N.A., Herman, R.J., Bacon, S.L., Cloutier, L. and Dawes, M., 2013. The 2013 Canadian Hypertension Education Program recommendations for blood pressure measurement, diagnosis, assessment of risk, prevention, and treatment of hypertension.Canadian Journal of Cardiology,29(5), pp.528-542. Hall, J.E., 2015.Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology. Elsevier Health Sciences. Hansen, A.L.S., Carstensen, B., Helge, J.W., Johansen, N.B., Gram, B., Christiansen, J.S., Brage, S., Lauritzen, T., Jrgensen, M.E., Aadahl, M. and Witte, D.R., 2013. Combined Heart Rateand Accelerometer-Assessed Physical Activity Energy Expenditure and Associations With Glucose Homeostasis Markers in a Population at High Risk of Developing Diabetes The ADDITION-PRO Study.Diabetes care,36(10), pp.3062-3069. Harris, K.C., Benoit, G., Dionne, J., Feber, J., Cloutier, L., Zarnke, K.B., Padwal, R.S., Rabi, D.M., Fournier, A. and Force, C.G.T., 2016. Hypertension Canada's 2016 Canadian Hypertension Education Program guidelines for blood pressure measurement, diagnosis, and assessment of risk of pediatric hypertension.Canadian Journal of Cardiology,32(5), pp.589-597. Harvey, S., Martnez-Moreno, C.G., Luna, M. and Armburo, C., 2015. Autocrine/paracrine roles of extrapituitary growth hormone and prolactin in health and disease: An overview.General and comparative endocrinology,220, pp.103-111. Herman, I.P., 2016.Physics of the human body. Springer. Houdas, Y. and Ring, E.F.J., 2013.Human body temperature: its measurement and regulation. Springer Science Business Media. Inzucchi, S.E., Lipska, K.J., Mayo, H., Bailey, C.J. and McGuire, D.K., 2014. Metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease: a systematic review.Jama,312(24), pp.2668-2675. Jennings, G.L. and Touyz, R.M., 2013. Hypertension Guidelines More Challenges Highlighted by Europe.Hypertension,62(4), pp.660-665. Juhl, C., Christensen, R., Roos, E.M., Zhang, W. and Lund, H., 2014. Impact of Exercise Type and Dose on Pain and Disability in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Metaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Regression Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Arthritis rheumatology,66(3), pp.622-636. Kenney, W.L., Wilmore, J. and Costill, D., 2015.Physiology of Sport and Exercise 6th Edition. Human kinetics. Kisner, C. and Colby, L.A., 2012.Therapeutic exercise: foundations and techniques. Fa Davis. Levi, L. ed., 2013.Stress and distress in response to psychosocial stimuli: laboratory and real-life studies on sympatho-adrenomedullary and related reactions. Elsevier. Lovallo, W.R., 2015.Stress and health: Biological and psychological interactions. Sage publications. Mady, C.E.K., 2013. Human body exergy metabolism.International Journal of Thermodynamics,16(2), pp.73-80. Mayo, K.E., Godfrey, P.A. and Suhr, S.T., 2013, October. Growth hormone-releasing hormone: synthesis and signal ing. InRecent Progress in Hormone Research-Volume 50: Proceedings of the 1993 Laurentian Hormone Conference(p. 35). Academic Press. Moore, K.L., Dalley, A.F. and Agur, A.M., 2013.Clinically oriented anatomy. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Parizkova, S., 2012.Body fat and physical fitness: Body composition and lipid metabolism in different regimes of physical activity. Springer Science Business Media. Penev, P.D., 2012. Update on energy homeostasis and insufficient sleep.The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism,97(6), pp.1792-1801. Scheen, A.J. and Paquot, N., 2013. Metformin revisited: A critical review of the benefitrisk balance in at-risk patients with type 2 diabetes.Diabetes metabolism,39(3), pp.179-190. Schore, A.N., 2015.Affect regulation and the origin of the self: The neurobiology of emotional development. Routledge. Sherwood, L., 2015.Human physiology: from cells to systems. Cengage learning. Sluis, G., Goldbohm, R.A., Bimmel, R., Galindo-Garre, F., Elings, J., Hoogeboom, T.J. and van Meeteren, N.L., 2015. What augmented physical activity and empowerment can bring to patients receiving total knee replacement: content, implementation, and comparative effectiveness of a new function-tailored care pathway in a routine care setting. Sonntag, W.E., Csiszar, A., Ferrucci, L. and Ungvari, Z., 2012. Diverse roles of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 in mammalian aging: progress and controversies.The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, p.gls115. Standring, S. ed., 2015.Gray's anatomy: the anatomical basis of clinical practice. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Whats In A Name Essays - Jensen, Jens, Family Name,

What's In A Name? Amber Jensen Dr. Meiser English 110 September 27, 2000 What's in a Name? I have always been very proud of everything that I have accomplished in my life. I am proud of one thing more than anything else; my heritage. Ever since I was a child I was told all about my grandparents and their trek from Denmark to the United States. I was curious what their homeland was like, but it never seemed to be a topic of discussion. My grandmother boasted the Danish flag in her home, and displayed little trinkets that said ?velkomen? on them. My knowledge was limited to these few things I saw when I was a child. Since both of my grandparents had passed away, I started my research by picking up the phone and calling my father. My father, Larry Jensen, didn't know very much about Denmark either. He knew a few names from his family and their birth dates, so I started from there. I hit the internet with my newly obtained knowledge and I searched for anything that could link me to my past. I did not find anything about any of my specific relatives, but I learned about how and why I got my last name. Apparently, Danish people did not have last names until the late 19th century when new laws were introduced forcing them to take on a surname. The common people of Denmark didn't use family names to identify themselves. Before it was required to have a last name, people used patronymics, meaning they took on their father's first name with an ending to make their last name. It was also common for people in a town that was large to use their occupation or place of Jensen 2 residence as a last name. Many of the girls would get the father's first name with ?datter? or ?dotter? attached to it (meaning daughter of.) The boys would get their father's first name with ?sen? or ?son? attached to it (meaning son of.) In Denmark, ?datter? and ?dotter? meant the same thing, just as ?sen,? and ?son? were the same thing (Origins of Danish Names). The name Jensen, meaning ?son of Jens,? has many different spellings. The Dutch forms of Jensen are Jans, Johansen, Janse, Jansen, Janssen, Hoensen and Janzen. The root of all of these names comes from the stem or the variation of a stem, which is Jan. Jan translates into John, from the name Yochanan, which is Hebrew. In Hebrew it meant ?Jehova' has favored me with a son.' The Latin language adopted it as Johannes, and during the early Christian era in Europe it was very popular as a given name (Origins of Danish Names). Elsdon C. Smith said that the name Jensen meant the son of Jens, which is a deviation of the name John, meaning gracious gift of Jehovan (247). According to data recorded by Hamrick Software, Jensen is a widely popular name in the northern Midwest. In Wisconsin, 1 of every 300 people has the last name Jensen. In states such as Nevada, Idaho, and South Dakota, nearly 1 out of every 100 people have Jensen as their last name (Jensen Surname Distribution). This clearly shows the immigration patterns of the Danish people. According to my father and my grandfather, many Danish people came to the United States with few skills. One of their few skills was farming. They went to these states because they had a better chance of being successful in their trade, and they obviously were (Jensen). In the Encyclopedia of Jensen 3 American Family Names, the name Jensen was ranked 239 on the poll of the most popular family names in the United States, showing that my last name is popular and widespread (Robb Chesler 308). When searching for my first name, I came across very bland answers to what my name meant. Parenthoodweb says that Amber means reddish-yellow precious jewel. The name is Arabic in origin. A different source, Zelo.com, says that Amber means colored in an orange or yellow manner. Zelo.com also says that Amber has a French origin. Either way my name means essentially the same thing in any language. It is a simple name that describes hardened sap, a yellow

Sound Waves Essays - Waves, Acoustics, Wave Mechanics, Hearing

Sound Waves Essays - Waves, Acoustics, Wave Mechanics, Hearing Sound Waves Sound is part of our everyday lives. Just like we have eyes for, we are given ears for hearing sound. We rarely take the time to think about the characteristics of sound and the ways that they are made. The basis for an understanding of sound and hearing is the physics of waves. Sound is a wave, which is created by vibrating objects and spread through a medium from one location to another. In this paper, we will look at the nature, properties and behaviors of sound waves. A wave can be described as a disturbance that travels through a medium, transporting energy from one location to another location. The medium is simply the material through which the sound, or disturbance, is moving; it can be thought of as a series of interacting particles. The example of a slinky wave is often used to illustrate the nature of a wave. A disturbance is typically created within the slinky by the back and forth movement of the first coil of the slinky. The first coil becomes disturbed and begins to push or pull on the second coil; this push or pull on the second coil will shift the second coil from its balanced position. As the second coil becomes shifted, it begins to push or pull on the third coil; the push or pull on the third coil displaces it from its balanced position. As the third coil becomes shifted, it begins to push or pull on the fourth coil. This process continues one after the other, each individual particle acting to displace the neighboring particle; ev entually the disturbance travels all the way through the slinky. As the disturbance moves from coil to coil, the energy which was originally introduced into the first coil is transported along the medium from one location to another. A sound wave is similar to a slinky for a couple of reasons. First, there is a medium, which carries the disturbance from one location to another. Usually, this medium is air; though it could be any material such as water or steel. The medium is simply a series of interconnected and interacting particles. Second, there is an original source of the wave, some vibrating object capable of disturbing the first particle of the medium. The vibrating object, which creates the disturbance, could be the vocal chords of a person, the vibrating string and sound board of a guitar or violin, the vibrating tines of a tuning fork, or the vibrating diaphragm of a radio speaker. Third, the sound wave is transported from one location to another by means of the particle interaction. If the sound wave is moving through air, then as one air particle is shifted from its balanced position, it exerts a push or pull on its nearest neighbors, causing them to be shifted from their equilibrium position. This pa rticle interaction continues throughout the entire medium, with each particle interacting and causing a disturbance of its nearest neighbors. Since a sound wave is a disturbance, which is transported through a medium via the means of particle interaction, a sound wave is characterized as a mechanical wave. The creation of sound waves are often demonstrated by using a tuning fork. A tuning fork is a metal object that has two tines(spikes) that vibrate if they are hit by a rubber hammer or mallet. As the tines of the tuning forks vibrate back and forth, they begin to disturb surrounding air molecules. These disturbances are passed on to neighboring air molecules by the means of particle interaction. The motion of the disturbance, originating at the tines of the tuning fork and traveling through the medium (in this case, air) is what is referred to as a sound wave. Sometimes, the tuning fork is mounted on a soundboard. When this happens, the vibrating tuning fork, connected to the soundboard, sets the soundboard into a vibrating motion. In turn, the soundboard sets the air inside of the it into a vibrating motion. As the tines of the tuning fork, the structure of the soundboard, and the inside of the soundboard begin vibrating at the same frequency, a louder sound is produced. In fact, the more particles which can be made to

Cue vs. Queue

Cue vs. Queue Cue vs. Queue Cue vs. Queue By Maeve Maddox The first time I read the following passage, I thought the use of the word queue must be arcane computer science jargon, but when I read it a second time, I realized the spelling queue in this context was just a mistake: This happens to be one of our common gripes: that once the battery is end-of-life, we are pretty much forced to get a replacement unit since the battery takes a  queue  from Apple and is sealed inside the casing. The passage is from a product review. The writer is criticizing the fact that the consumer cannot replace the tool’s battery because, like the batteries in some Apple devices, it’s sealed. The tool’s manufacturers have â€Å"taken their cue† from Apple. Take one’s cue: use someone else’s behavior as a model for one’s own. The mistaken use of queue for cue was a new one for me, so I did a web search to see if this reviewer had company. He has plenty of company. And don’t pounce on the Americans; the misuse is global. I found examples on sites in the U.K., Australia, and Jamaica, as well as in the U.S. and in at least one printed book. Deron is on half speed one game, full speed another game. Everyone else takes their queue from that. Telstra are dead in the water. Hopefully the .au government takes their queue and busts it in half. The populace takes their queue from people of influence who are either silent on the matter†¦[or] are outrightly vocalising their contempt†¦ If the bride and groom are uptight and nervous the whole wedding takes their queue from them.   Cue and queue are both pronounced like the name of the letter Q. Queue, a French borrowing with the literal meaning of â€Å"tail,† is sometimes spelled cue in the context of hair: cue/queue: A long roll or plait of hair worn hanging down behind like a tail, from the head or from a wig; a pigtail. The expression â€Å"to take one’s cue† is from the figurative use of a theatrical term: cue: The concluding word or words of a speech in a play, serving as a signal or direction to another actor to enter, or begin his speech. The OED lists several historical spellings of cue in the sense of an actor’s signal, but the list does not include the spelling queue: kew, ku, quew, q, quue, que, Q, qu, kue. The word is spelled cue in A Midsummer’s Dream (1600); Bottom the Weaver is bossing his fellow actors: Curst be thy stones, for thus deceiuing mee. [deceiving me]. Deceiuing mee is Thisbyes cue: she is to enter now, and I am to spy Her through the wall. In British usage, a queue is a line of people or vehicles waiting to proceed or be served. In computer use, a queue is a list of data items or commands that are attended to in a certain order, such as a queue of documents waiting to be printed. Next time you have occasion to write the expression â€Å"take one’s cue,† take your cue from this article and remember to spell it cue. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Structure A Story: The Eight-Point ArcIs There a Reason â€Å"the Reason Why† Is Considered Wrong?1,462 Basic Plot Types

Analysis of Audi's Human Resource Practices Essay

Analysis of Audi's Human Resource Practices - Essay Example There are numerous definitions by scholars on what organizational culture is. Two of these definitions are as follows: Ravasi and Schultz (2006) wrote ‘organizational culture is a set of shared assumptions that guide what happens in organizations by defining appropriate behavior for various situations’. Needle (2004), ‘Organizational culture signifies the beliefs, collective values, and principles of members in an organization’. Culture includes the organizations values, norms, systems, vision, language, symbols, beliefs, assumptions, and habits. The culture of organizations makes it unique and different from other organizations. It explains why there are many companies that deal with automobiles, producing the same products and make of cars but which are completely different due to their operations, values and their executions. Denison’s model (1990) states that ‘organizational culture is described by 4 general dimensions: Adaptability, Consistency, Involvement, and Mission’. The model shall be used to explain Audi’s culture. An organization’s mission refers to its reason of existence. The reason as to why it was founded and the objectives it aims to achieve. Denison further divided the mission into three: Vision, Strategic Direction and Intent, and Goals and Objectives. Audi’s Vision is ‘To develop Audi into the world’s leading brand in the premium automobile segment’ (Audi Corporate strategy, 2015). The vision defines Audi’s culture because it portrays the direction which it wants the company to go. As a result the personnel work towards making this vision a reality. They manufacture cars that are of good quality and that meet their consumers’ demand, which shall make it become the best brand of all the other automobile manufacturers in the world. The strategic direction and intent of Audi is to delight customers worldwide. They aim at achieving this by being innovative, creating experiences for